More technical details in this machine translated article published on 36Kr: Does Apple Reject PPS? In-Depth Analysis of Why the Dynamic Fast Charging of iPhone 17 Is More Powerful

This article answers a lot of my questions from my previous post.

The key to this leap is not simply increasing the power (after all, Apple's 140W charger was launched in 2021), but an unassuming protocol abbreviation on the charger image: AVS (Adjustable Voltage Supply).

Also, it's nice to see it's not all proprietary from Apple.

Apple is a member of the USB - IF Association, the institution that formulates the PD protocol. In promoting the AVS standard, Apple has once again demonstrated its ability to define and lead industry standards. Instead of building a wall with a proprietary protocol, Apple uses its huge market influence to push a more advanced open standard into the mainstream.